Antidepressants: Safe during pregnancy? Get the facts about antidepressants and pregnancy. ![]() By Mayo Clinic Staff. Antidepressants are a primary treatment option for most types of depression. Antidepressants can help relieve your symptoms and keep you feeling your best — but there's more to the story when you're pregnant or thinking about getting pregnant. Here's what you need to know about antidepressants and pregnancy. How does pregnancy affect depression? Pregnancy hormones were once thought to protect women from depression, but researchers now say this isn't true. In addition, pregnancy can trigger a range of emotions that make it more difficult to cope with depression. Get the facts about antidepressants and pregnancy. By Mayo Clinic Staff. Pregnancy and obesity; Pregnancy loss;. Antidepressants and weight gain: What causes it and how to manage it. Antidepressants . Doctors also prescribe this medication for bulimia nervosa. Learn all about antidepressants. We take a look at when they were first introduced, how many people take them, why they take them and how antidepressants work. Sertraline (Zoloft) Hospitalization. Pregnancy; Newborn Babies; Toddlers; Parenting Teens;. Antidepressants and Weight Loss. Suicide Warning Signs. Depression may also involve thoughts of suicide. Learn to recognize these warning signs and get immediate help: Thoughts of hurting or killing. ![]() Is treatment important during pregnancy? Depression treatment during pregnancy is essential. If you have untreated depression, you might not seek optimal prenatal care, eat the healthy foods your baby needs or have the energy to care for yourself. You also might turn to smoking or drinking alcohol. The result could be premature birth, low birth weight or other problems for the baby — and an increased risk of postpartum depression for you, as well as difficulty bonding with the baby. Are antidepressants an option during pregnancy? A decision to use antidepressants during pregnancy is based on the balance between risks and benefits. Overall, the risk of birth defects and other problems for babies of mothers who take antidepressants during pregnancy is very low. Still, few medications have been proved safe without question during pregnancy, and some types of antidepressants have been associated with health problems in babies. Which antidepressants are considered OK during pregnancy? Generally, these antidepressants are an option during pregnancy: Certain selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). SSRIs are generally considered an option during pregnancy, including citalopram (Celexa), fluoxetine (Prozac) and sertraline (Zoloft). Serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs). SNRIs are also considered an option during pregnancy, including duloxetine (Cymbalta) and venlafaxine (Effexor XR). Bupropion (Wellbutrin). This medication is used for both depression and smoking cessation. ![]() Although bupropion isn't generally considered a first line treatment for depression during pregnancy, it might be an option for women who haven't responded to other medications or those who want to use it for smoking cessation as well. Tricyclic antidepressants. This class of medications includes amitriptyline and nortriptyline (Pamelor). Although tricyclic antidepressants aren't generally considered a first line or second line treatment, they might be an option for women who haven't responded to other medications. Some research associates use of citalopram, fluoxetine and sertraline with a rare but serious newborn lung problem (persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn) when taken during the last half of pregnancy. Other rare birth defects have been suggested as a possible risk in some studies, but not others. Still, the overall risks remain extremely low. Feb. 0. 3, 2. 01. Roy- Byrne PP, et al. Unipolar major depression in pregnant women: Treatment. Accessed Nov. 2. 4, 2. Misri S, et al. Unipolar major depression in pregnant women: Clinical features, consequences, assessment, and diagnosis. Accessed Nov. 2. 4, 2. ![]() Briggs GG, et al. Drugs in Pregnancy and Lactation: A Reference Guide to Fetal and Neonatal Risk. Philadelphia, Pa.: Wolters Kluwer Health Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2. Malm H, et al. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and risk for major congenital anomalies. Obstetrics and Gynecology. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) Committee on Practice Bulletins — Obstetrics. ACOG Practice Bulletin No. Use of psychiatric medications during pregnancy and lactation. Obstetrics & Gynecology. ![]() Galbally M, et al. A review of the use of psychotropic medication in pregnancy. Current Opinion in Obstetrics & Gynecology. Ray S, et al. The use of antidepressant medication in pregnancy. Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology. What is an antidepressant medication? Depression is a serious condition that often can be effectively treated with available therapies. Many antidepressants have been. Lexapro weight-gain side effects - here's how to avoid this common problem with antidepressants. Diet & Weight Loss; Everyday Wellness;. Grigoriadis S, et al. Prenatal exposure to antidepressants and persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn: Systematic review and meta- analysis. British Medical Journal. Ross LE, et al. Selected pregnancy and delivery outcomes after exposure to antidepressant medication: A systematic review and meta- analysis. JAMA Psychiatry. 2. Huybrechts KF, et al. Antidepressant use in pregnancy and the risk of cardiac defects. New England Journal of Medicine. ![]() Roy- Byrne PP. Risks of antidepressants during pregnancy. Accessed Nov. 2. 4, 2. Moore KM (expert opinion). Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. See more In- depth. Best Antidepressant for Weight Loss. Many people with depression have worked hard to treat their disease by attending therapy and taking their antidepressants, only to find that now the numbers on the scale are rapidly moving up and their clothes are not quite fitting like they used to. ![]() ![]() ![]() With that, you may feel better emotionally and mentally, but maybe you are discouraged by your physical appearance and/or health. Antidepressants and Weight Gain. Weight gain while taking an antidepressant is a conundrum that can leave many people scratching their heads, even doctors. If a person gains weight, it's sometimes unknown whether the weight gain is from a side effect of the antidepressant itself or from the fact that a person is feeling better, and he or she is eating more. For example, in melancholic depression, which is a subtype of major depressive disorder, a person experiences a loss of interest or pleasure in nearly all daily activities, intense hopelessness and guilt, and often significant weight loss. So, in this instance, weight gain with an effective antidepressant therapy would be expected and positive. On the flip side, if a person has atypical depression (another subtype of major depressive disorder), weight gain is common. In this instance, with antidepressant treatment, further weight gain may indicate failed treatment or it could be medication- induced—a tricky, but extremely critical distinction. To further complicate the picture, while many people associate antidepressant use with weight gain, there is actually limited scientific evidence to back this up. In fact, research shows weight gain is mostly linked only to three antidepressants: The selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor Paxil (paroxetine)The tricyclic antidepressant Elavil (amytriptyline)The atypical antidepressant Remeron (mirtazapine)Weight gain associated with other antidepressants, if it does occur, is usually short- lived. In addition, individual factors seem to play a role—in other words, it's hard to predict who will gain weight on certain antidepressants, as so may variables are at play. Antidepressants and Weight Loss. You may be surprised to learn that there are two antidepressants linked to weight loss. Remember, a link implies a statistical association, so it does not predict individual results. These include: The selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor Prozac (fluoxetine)The atypical antidepressant Wellbutrin (Bupropion)Prozac (fluoxetine) is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, or SSRI, which means it increases the levels of serotonin in the brain. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIS) are generally first- line treatment for depression. Wellbutrin (bupropion) is an antidepressant that does not change serotonin levels in the brain. Rather, it uniquely alters other chemicals in the brain like noradrenaline and dopamine and is associated not only with weight loss, but also improved sexual functioning. This all being said, Wellbutrin may not be appropriate for all people, especially those with a history of seizures or an eating disorder like anorexia or bulimia, which could put you at greater risk for having a seizure while using it. Like all antidepressants, Wellbutrin and Prozac carry a black box warning regarding its potential for increased risk of suicidal thoughts and actions in children, teens, and young adults during the early stages of treatment. Proceeding With an Antidepressant. Treating your depression is paramount to your mental health and well- being. Of course, though, your physical appearance and health is also important, and your doctor would not want weight gain to affect your adherence to your depression therapy. Please have a candid discussion with your doctor about depression treatment, as there are a lot of options out there. It's important to remember, too, that weight gain is not inevitable with antidepressant therapy, and if it does occur, it's usually transient. A Word From Verywell. Treating your depression may take some patience and resilience on your part as you navigate and find the right plan, but it can be done. You can optimize both your physical and mental health—in fact, they often feed off one another. Be kind to yourself—you deserve it. Sources: Hirsch M, Birnbaum RJ. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors: Pharmacology, administration, and side effects. In: Up. To. Date, Roy- Byrne PP (Ed), Up. To. Date, Waltham, MA. Patel K, Allen S, Hague MN, Anfelescu I, Baymeister D, Tracy DK. Bupropion: a systematic review and meta- analysis of effectiveness as an antidepressant. Ther Adv Psychopharmacol. Apr; 6(2): 9. 9- 1. Serretti A, Mandelli L. Antidepressants and body weight: a comprehensive review and meta- analysis. J Clin Psychiatry. Oct; 7. 1(1. 0): 1. Viewweg WV. Psychotropic drug considerations in depressed patients with metabolic disturbances. Aug; 1. 21(8): 6.
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